Answers
1.b
Indications of admission for a burn patient are generally
- Partial thickness burn more than 10% in age less than 10 and more than 50 years
- Partial thickness burn more than 20% in adults
- Partial thickness burn of face, hand, feet, perineum
- Full thickness burn more than 5% TBSA
- Chemical burns, Inhalational burns, Electric burns
- Burns with other medical illness
- Burns with other trauma, like bony fractures
Note- scalds are the most common burns in civilian practise
2 c
The escharotomy should be away from the main arterial and venous blood supply. Mid medial or mid lateral aspect of extremity is chosen for escharotomy.
the incision is taken deep to the eschar through to the dermis into the subcutaneous fat.
Notes
1st degree burns-- Involve the epidermis, Do not blister, erythematous
2nd degree superficial partial thickness involves upper dermis. It is very sensitive and forms blister
2nd degree deep partial thickness burn involves Reticular dermis
3rd degree burn all layers of dermis with contractures
4th degree burn involves the subcutaneous tissue as well.
3. c
Poisoning with carbon monoxide poisoning leads to formation of carboxyhemoglobin which has 200 times more affinity for hemoglobin.
Carboxyhemoglobin prevents reversible displacement of oxygen. It shifts the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left , kills the cytochrome, direct action on CNS and direct toxicity to cardiac and skeletal muscles.
4. c
Burn victims are susceptible to a wide variety of infections associated with relative immunosuppression (which occurs with burns of 30% TBSA or more) and complications of intensive care. Virtually any organ can become the target of an infection in such patients. The most common infections in burned children are those related to the burn wound and catheter-associated septicemia
