Q) Pancreatic necrosis all are true except a) Sterile pancreatic necrosis may be managed conservatively in most of the cases b) Infected Pancreatic Necrosis is managed by surgery at 2 weeks c) Minimal access techniques have given better results than open necrosectomy d)WOPN may be drained by either a transgastric or, less commonly, a transdoudenal route.
Q) 50 year old male undergoes Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy. On post op day 4 patient presented with fever, tachycardia and pain. Ultrasound showed collection in lesser sac which was drained percutaneously. On pod 10 there is frank blood of 100ml in drain, What is the next line of management?
a. CT angiography
b. Emergency laparotomy
c. Flush the drain with noradrenaline
d. Observe
Ans a
This is extraluminal bleed on 10th POD following most likely a pancreatic fistula.
Clinical condition is mentioned for day 4 which is because of pancreatic leak.
A pancreatic fistula can cause vascular pseudo aneurysm so answer is A CT angiography
Early extraluminal PPH requires reexploration.
Intraluminal bleeding may manifest as extraluminal if there is associated anastomotic breakdown and this may be amenable to angiographic intervention when involving the pancreaticojejunostomy.
Patients present with septic complications and/or a sentinel bleed. Radiographic embolization has become a more successful modality, with up to 80% success,13 but is limited by the initially intermittent nature of the bleeding
Q) All about MCN of pancreas are true except? 1.Presence of eggshell calcification in CT is suggestive of malignancy 2.cyst fluid analysis can diagnose accurately in 80% 3.invasive MCN is very aggressive with 30% 5YR Survival compared to adeno carcinoma 4. If MCN is non invasive, surgery is curative
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