Q) Loss of cell surface antigen is a feature of A. CIS B. NO RELATION WITH GRADE C. LOW GRADE TUMOR D. HIGH GRADE TUMOR
Ans d High grade
The ABO(H) blood group system consists of terminal oligosaccharide antigens carried by glycoproteins or glycolipids in hematopoietic or epithelial cells
Their biosynthesis is presumed to be controlled by the ABO(H), Se, H, Le, and X blood group genes .
These antigens are present on normal bladder epithelium of secretor individuals but not on some low-grade and early-stage papillary urothelial carcinomas
Moreover, initially expressing tumours lose these cell surface antigens upon local recurrence, progression to invasion or metastization
