NEET SS 2019 - Some last minute points
Questions 16-20
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome following major injury
initially by proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα)
followed rapidly by increased plasma levels of cytokine antagonists and soluble receptors (e.g. IL-1Ra, TNF-sR)
Koch’s postulates
It must be found in every case
It should be possible to isolate it from the host and grow it in culture
It should reproduce the disease when injected into another healthy host
It should be recovered from an experimentally infected host
SIRS is
Two of: hyperthermia (>38°C) or hypothermia (<36°C)
tachycardia (>90/min, no β-blockers) or tachypnoea (>20/min)
white cell count >12 × 109/litre or <4 × 109/litre
MRI
Absolute contraindications
Ocular metallic foreign bodies
Pacemakers Cochlear implants
Cranial aneurysm clips ●●
Relative contraindications
First trimester of pregnancy
Claustrophobia ●●
Long scan times so patients may not be able to keep still, especially if in pain ●
Limited availability ●● Expensive
A keloid scar is defined as excessive scar tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original incision or wound
The histology of both hypertrophic and keloid scars shows excess collagen with hypervascularity, but this is more marked in keloids where there is more type III collagen
Sutures, Material and Degradation times